Se trata de una advertencia muy severa.
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Tras afirmar que “El separatismo amenaza el futuro de España”, Financial Times insiste con un editorial que refleja la opinión del periódico financiero más influyente de Europa y quizá del mundo.
Las opiniones suelen ser libres e insignificantes. En el caso carpetovetónico, peor: abundan las opiniones mesiánicas, patológicamente cainitas.
La opinión de FT es de muy otra naturaleza. Y tiene un alcance temible: esa opinión puede influir en la toma de decisiones de actores económicos de primera relevancia.
De ahí la importancia de sus advertencias:
–La crisis de la zona euro se está convirtiendo en una amenaza para la supervivencia misma del Estado, en su configuración actual.
–Las crisis específicamente españolas están agravando un peligroso cóctel de penuria fiscal y enfrentamientos nacionalistas.
–En el mejor de los casos, parece anunciado el riesgo palmario de crisis institucional…
Esos problemas y advertencias también tienen un costo económico muy elevado, que los lectores de FT evaluarán a su manera, poco optimista para los intereses de unos y otros, sospecho:
The eurozone crisis has brought down more than one government but until now it has not called into question the survival of the nation state itself. Yet that is what appears to be happening in Spain, a development dramatised by this week’s outpouring of separatist fervour in Catalonia.
On Tuesday, up to 1.5m Catalans rallied in the streets of Barcelona behind the slogan “Catalonia, a new state in Europe”. The plurinational Spain, built upon a highly devolved system of regional government after the end of the Franco dictatorship, now risks break-up.The eurozone crisis is partly to blame. It has mercilessly exposed the fragility of Spain’s fiscal arrangements. In this case, the relatively rich Catalans are outraged that they have to contribute up to 9 per cent of annual economic output to the central pot in Madrid, but then go cap-in-hand for a bailout to meet their debt and payroll commitments. Catalonia wants fiscal autonomy: the right to collect its own taxes like the Basques, who contribute proportionally much less to Spanish coffers.
Yet Spain, where prime minister Mariano Rajoy is agonising over whether to seek a full eurozone bailout, needs Catalan fiscal transfers to meets its pensions and welfare liabilities. Mr Rajoy’s rightwing Partido Popular government, which is ideologically hostile to devolution, is trying to use the crisis to recentralise Spain, creating a dangerous cocktail of fiscal penury and national grievance.
More than half of Catalonia’s citizens now believe its future is in peril if they remain tied to a Spanish state they feel can no longer accommodate their own sense of nationhood. By contrast, Spanish nationalists disdain Basque and Catalan identity as narcissism, and regard the unity of Spain as sacred.
Both sides need to realise that mainstream nationalism has been outflanked in Catalonia. Artur Mas, the Catalan president, has a decisive meeting with Mr Rajoy next week. He will demand fiscal autonomy, either as the bridge to enhanced home rule or a building block for full independence.
Ideally, both leaders would agree on a better fiscal model, which would include fairer transfers from richer to poorer regions. This should be explored – but not now, when the priority must be to address the economic emergency. Mr Mas will more probably come away empty-handed, and call an early election that will become a referendum on Catalan independence. A constitutional crisis looms… Financial Times, 13 & 14 septiembre 2012, Catalan message.
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Las negritas son mías.
- Cataluña y las aspiraciones políticas de los catalanes.
- España y Cataluña fagocitadas por sus administraciones públicas.
- España y Cataluña inviables.
- La secesión e independencia de Cataluña, y Europa.
- España, Cataluña y la ilusión de la “soberanía” y la “independencia”.
- Cataluña, su rescate y esquizofrenia política.
- Bancarrota de España.
Arenys, 25 agosto 2012. Foto JPQ.
- España, Cataluña y Europa (s) en este Infierno.
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